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Most car security systems include code hopping remotes,
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Basically, a
car alarm is nothing more than sensors connected to
some sort of siren. Today's car
alarm systems include a few more features. These features
include a radio receiver for keyless
entry, an extra battery so that the
car alarm will continue to operate even if the main
battery is disconnected and a computer control unit, or brain,
that monitors the complete car
security system and sounds the
car alarm if need be. The
car alarm's brain is responsible for closing switches
that activate car alarm
devices, such as your horn, headlights or an installed siren.
Different sensors and how the different
car security components are wired to the brain differ
among car alarms.
Door Sensors
The most basic sensor of a car
security system is the door sensor. Most
car alarm systems use the same mechanism responsible
for turning on a vehicle's inside lights. Although door sensors
are highly effective, there are other ways to enter a vehicle
without opening a door, such as entering through a broke window
or towing the car away. More advanced
car alarm systems will include additional sensors
and will even monitor the vehicle's overall voltage. If the
car security system suspects
the electrical system is being tampered with, the
car alarm will sound off.
Shock Sensors
Only cheap car alarm systems
depend on door sensors alone. Higher
quality car security systems may include shock sensors.
If a vehicle is moved in any way, the intensity of the motion
is sent to the brain. The car
alarm then takes action based on the intensity of
the motion.
Window Sensors
Most fully equipped car security
systems include window sensors. A
car alarm system using Window sensors can detect broken
windows either by the sound of breaking glass or by the change
of air pressure in the vehicle.
Pressure Sensors
Even if the air pressure outside a vehicle and inside a vehicle
is identical, when a window is broken or forced in, or if
a door is opened, there is a change in the vehicle's air pressure.
Some car alarm systems
will use this change in air pressure to trigger the
car's alarm. Pressure sensors still leave your
car security system useless if your vehicle is towed
by a thief.
Motion and Tilt Sensors
Perimeter scanners can be used by a
car alarm system to monitor the surrounding area of
a vehicle. This is usually accomplished using a radar system.
Some vehicle security systems
also include a tilt sensor. Using a series of mercury switches,
the car alarm can sense
if a car is being lifted and how far.
Car Alarm Responses
Your car alarm system
is pretty useless if it does not respond to an intrusion in
some way. Basic car alarm systems
will use existing devices on a vehicle, such as honking the
horn and flashing the headlights. More
advanced car security systems will cut off the gas
supply, disable the ignition starter, or render the car undrivable
in some other fashion. Car alarm
systems may also include a separate siren for producing
loud, piercing sounds, bringing attention to the car thief
and hopefully running them off.
Car Alarm Remotes
Car security systems usually
include car alarm remotes,
or transmitters, that can
be added to a keychain for added convenience. These devices
can be used to instruct the car
alarms brain remotely.
Car alarm remotes can be used to instruct the
car alarm system to unlock your doors, turn on your
headlights, or sound the alarm. Some
advanced car security systems have a pager system
and a central computer that can be used to page your
transmitter when a vehicle has been tampered with.
The transmitter will even
tell you which sensor was triggered and will allow you to
disable the car. Car alarm remotes
use millions of pulse codes to securely transmit instructions.
While this is fairly effective, it is not hack proof. Code-grabbers
can be used to copy the transmitted key and then disarm an
alarm. Rolling codes where developed to address this problem.
Car alarm systems using rolling
codes will use a new series of codes every time the
car alarm is activated.
Upon activation, the car alarm's
receiver creates and encrypts a new disarm code and sends
it to your transmitter. The new disarm code will only be used
once, therefore, duplicated codes are useless.
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